{"id":12218,"date":"2020-05-14T07:30:26","date_gmt":"2020-05-14T07:30:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/?page_id=12218"},"modified":"2024-11-06T11:47:05","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T11:47:05","slug":"what-is-rfid-cheat-sheet","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/what-is-rfid-cheat-sheet\/","title":{"rendered":"Cheat Sheet \u2013 What is RFID"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_section full_width=”stretch_row” css=”.vc_custom_1589438219221{background-image: url(https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/background.png?id=11905) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}”][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Preparation for RFID Certification Exam” font_container=”tag:h5|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_custom_heading text=”Cheat Sheet \u2013 What is RFID” font_container=”tag:h1|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][\/vc_section][vc_section][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_custom_heading text=”MAIN OBJECTIVES” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left|color:%230f4996″ use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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  1. Define RFID technology, what it is and its working principles.<\/strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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    1. Recognize main types of RFID systems based on communication:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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      • <\/i>Passive (no power source but derives its power from the reader\u2019s transmission)<\/li>\n
      • <\/i>Battery Assisted or Semi-Passive (tag\u00a0has a battery to assist with transmitting response to the reader but relies on the reader transmission to initiate action or wake up, does not beacon)<\/li>\n
      • <\/i>Active (tag has a battery and does not rely on reader transmission for any power needs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
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        1. Know characteristics of these categories and how they impact:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
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          • <\/i>Data Transfer Rate<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Read Range<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Cost<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Typical Applications<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Frequencies normally used<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Behavior around water based liquids and metals<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Regulations<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Modes of operations (inductive\/capacitive)<\/li>\n
          • <\/i>Types of antennas used<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

            [\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”12219″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”Passive RFID Tag” font_container=”tag:p|text_align:center|color:%23adadad” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_empty_space][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle” css=”.vc_custom_1589440356193{border-left-width: 3px !important;padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #f6f6f6 !important;border-left-color: #ff871c !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}”][vc_column_inner][vc_custom_heading text=”Download the Cheat Sheet in PDF” font_container=”tag:p|text_align:left” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_btn title=”Download” style=”custom” custom_background=”#ff871c” custom_text=”#ffffff” link=”url:%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F12%2F1-Cheat-Sheet-What-is-RFID.pdf”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”PASSIVE RFID” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left|color:%230f4996″ use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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            The passive RFID tag has no power source but derives its power from the reader\u2019s transmission. It often comes in form of a flat\u00a0inlay\u00a0or a label and is the simplest type of RFID tag.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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            Frequencies normally used<\/strong><\/p>\n

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            • <\/i>Low\u00a0Frequency\u00a0(LF) \u2013 120 \u2013 150 kHz<\/li>\n
            • <\/i>High Frequency (HF) \u2013 13.56 MHz<\/li>\n
            • <\/i>Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) \u2013 860 \u2013 960 MHz<\/li>\n
            • <\/i>Microwave Frequency 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

              Data\u00a0Transfer Rate<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency and is function of the wave<\/p>\n

              \n
                \n
              • <\/i>LF \u2013 very slow<\/li>\n
              • <\/i>HF \u2013 slow<\/li>\n
              • <\/i>UHF \u2013 fast<\/li>\n
              • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ultrafast<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                Read Range<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 shortest, up to 30 ft, depends on frequency<\/p>\n

                \n
                  \n
                • <\/i>LF \u2013 up to few inches<\/li>\n
                • <\/i>HF \u2013 up to 3 feet, most often 3- 5 inches<\/li>\n
                • <\/i>UHF \u2013 up to 30 ft<\/li>\n
                • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 few inches max.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                  Cost<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 lowest, starting at 5 cents per tag in high volumes<\/p>\n

                  Typical Applications<\/strong><\/p>\n

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                  • <\/i>Inventory tracking<\/li>\n
                  • <\/i>Asset tracking, access control<\/li>\n
                  • <\/i>Warehouse, hospital, office, events<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Behavior around water based liquids and metals<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • <\/i>LF, HF \u2013 can\u00a0read\u00a0through aqueous liquids<\/li>\n
                    • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 cannot read through aqueous liquids<\/li>\n
                    • <\/i>No frequencies can read through metal and tags get detuned when placed on or near metal objects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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                      Regulations<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
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                      • <\/i>FCC Part 15.247 \u2013 governs UHF allowed transmitted power from the reader\/interrogator\u00a0(maximum 4 W EIRP), frequency hopping channels (50) and the\u00a0channel\u00a0width (500 kHz).\n
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                        • <\/i>For systems using digital\u00a0modulation\u00a0in the 902-928 MHz, 2400-2483.5 MHz, and 5725-5850 MHz bands, the maximum peak conducted output power of intentional radiators is\u00a01 watt.\u00a0<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                        • <\/i>ETSI 302 208 (newer)\n
                            \n
                          • <\/i>865.0\u00a0\u2013 868.0 MHz<\/li>\n
                          • <\/i>15 channels \u2013 200 kHz each<\/li>\n
                          • <\/i>Three sub-bands<\/li>\n
                          • <\/i>Up to 2 W ERP in subband 865.6 \u2013 877.6 MHz (10 channels)<\/li>\n
                          • <\/i>Required LBT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                          • <\/i>ETSI 300-220 (older, restrictive)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                            Standards (air interface)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                              \n
                            • <\/i>LF \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-2<\/li>\n
                            • <\/i>HF \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-3, ISO\/IEC 15693, ISO\/IEC 14443<\/li>\n
                            • <\/i>UHF \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-6 (A, B, C),\u00a0EPC\u00a0Global\/GS1 Class 1 Gen 2 (ratified into ISO 18000-6C)<\/li>\n
                            • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-4 for 2.45 GHz, (ISO\/IEC 18000-5 for 5.8 GHz (withdrawn due to lack of use)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                              Modes of operation<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 based on frequency<\/p>\n

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                                \n
                              • <\/i>LF, HF \u2013\u00a0Inductive coupling\u00a0\u2013 based on changes in the magnetic field<\/li>\n
                              • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 Capacitive coupling also called passive backscatter \u2013 based on changes in the electric field<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                Types of antennas used<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                                  \n
                                • <\/i>LF, HF \u2013 coil\u00a0antenna<\/li>\n
                                • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 dipole antenna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                                  [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”BATTERY ASSISTED PASSIVE RFID (BAP) OR SEMI-PASSIVE RFID” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left|color:%230f4996″ use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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                                  The battery assisted passive RFID tag (also called BAP or\u00a0semi-passive tag) relies on the initial transmission from the reader and then uses a battery to assist with transmitting response to the reader. This allows for longer read ranges. The BAP tags have often integrated sensors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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                                  Frequencies normally used<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  \n
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                                  • <\/i>Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) \u2013 860 \u2013 960 MHz<\/li>\n
                                  • <\/i>Microwave Frequency 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                    Data Transfer Rate<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency and is function of the wave<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                      \n
                                    • <\/i>UHF \u2013 fast<\/li>\n
                                    • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ultrafast<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                      Read Range<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 medium, up to 100 ft, depends on frequency and technology<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                        \n
                                      • <\/i>UHF \u2013 usually up to 100 ft (depends on technology)<\/li>\n
                                      • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 usually up to 30 ft (depends on technology)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                        Cost<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 high, starting at several dollars per tag<\/p>\n

                                        Typical Applications<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 applications with sensors \u2013 temperature tracking for inventory, transportation, assets; regular and returnable asset tracking where long read ranges are necessary<\/p>\n

                                        Behavior around water based liquids and metals<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency:<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                          \n
                                        • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 cannot read through aqueous liquids<\/li>\n
                                        • <\/i>No frequencies can read through metal.<\/li>\n
                                        • <\/i>Tags are encapsulated and can be tuned to perform well on metal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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                                          Regulations<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                            \n
                                          • <\/i>FCC Part 15 \u2013 governs UHF allowed transmitted power from the reader\/interrogator (maximum 4 W EIRP), frequency hopping channels (50) and the channel width (500 kHz).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                            Standards (air\u00a0interface)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 compatible with passive readers if compliant with the same standards as below:<\/p>\n

                                            \n
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                                            • <\/i>UHF \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-6 (A, B, C), EPC Global\/GS1 Class 1 Gen 2 (ratified into ISO 18000-6C)<\/li>\n
                                            • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-4 for 2.45 GHz, (ISO\/IEC 18000-5 for 5.8 GHz (withdrawn due to lack of use)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                              Modes of operations<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 based on frequency<\/p>\n

                                              \n
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                                              • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 passive backscatter \u2013 based on changes in electric field \u2013 aided by the battery<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                Types of antennas used<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                                  \n
                                                • <\/i>UHF, Microwave \u2013 dipole antenna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                                                  [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”ACTIVE RFID” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left|color:%230f4996″ use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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                                                  The active RFID tag has a battery and does not rely on reader transmission for any power needs. It can beacon and have integrated sensors.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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                                                  Frequencies normally used<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                  \n
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                                                  • <\/i>Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) \u2013 433 MHz<\/li>\n
                                                  • <\/i>Microwave Frequency \u2013 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n
                                                  • <\/i>Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Frequency 3.2 \u2013 10 GHz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                    Data Transfer Rate<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency and is function of the wave<\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                      \n
                                                    • <\/i>UHF \u2013 fast<\/li>\n
                                                    • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ultrafast<\/li>\n
                                                    • <\/i>UWB Frequency \u2013 fastest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                      Read Range<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 longest<\/p>\n

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                                                      • <\/i>UHF up to 1000\u2019s of feet (depends on technology and power source)<\/li>\n
                                                      • <\/i>Zigbee \u2013 about 30 \u2013 300 ft (10 \u2013 100 m)<\/li>\n
                                                      • <\/i>WiFi IEEE 802.11n \u2013 up to 820 ft (250 m)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                        Cost<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 highest, starting around $20 per tag (ballpark price)<\/p>\n

                                                        Typical Applications<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                          \n
                                                        • <\/i>Applications with sensors \u2013 temperature tracking for inventory, transportation, assets; tamper sensors;<\/li>\n
                                                        • <\/i>Long range tracking \u2013 cars, rail cars, containers for transportation and control in depots, docks, shipyards, military, etc.,<\/li>\n
                                                        • <\/i>Real-time location systems (RTLS) \u2013 Both Wi-Fi and UWB technology is often used for RTLS and UWB is one of the most accurate technologies for location.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                          Behavior around water based liquids and metals<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 depends on frequency:<\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                            \n
                                                          • <\/i>Cannot read through aqueous liquids.<\/li>\n
                                                          • <\/i>No frequencies can read through metal.<\/li>\n
                                                          • <\/i>Tags are encapsulated and can be tuned to perform well on\/around metal.<\/li>\n
                                                          • <\/i>Due to the tag having a battery and transmitter and therefore stronger signal, the signal can bounce\/bend around metal objects, which means that active RFID has usually better performance in metal environments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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                                                            Regulations<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                              \n
                                                            • <\/i>FCC Part 15 \u2013 governs allowed transmitted power from the reader\/interrogator (maximum 4 W EIRP), frequency hopping channels (50) and the channel width (500 kHz).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                              Standards (air interface):<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                                \n
                                                              • <\/i>UHF \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-7 for 433 MHz<\/li>\n
                                                              • <\/i>Microwave \u2013 ISO\/IEC 18000-4 for 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n
                                                              • <\/i>DASH7 (2nd<\/sup>\u00a0gen of ISO 18000-7) for 433 MHz<\/li>\n
                                                              • <\/i>Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11n \u2013 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n
                                                              • <\/i>Zigbee IEEE 802.15.4 for 868\/915 MHz or 2.45 GHz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                Modes of operations<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                                \n
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                                                                • <\/i>Active transmission<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                  Types of antennas used<\/strong><\/p>\n

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                                                                  • <\/i>Dipole or monopole antenna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                                                                    [\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=”12226″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”Active RFID Tag” font_container=”tag:p|text_align:center|color:%23adadad” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][\/vc_section]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                    [vc_section full_width=”stretch_row” css=”.vc_custom_1589438219221{background-image: url(https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/background.png?id=11905) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}”][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Preparation for RFID Certification Exam” font_container=”tag:h5|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_custom_heading text=”Cheat Sheet \u2013 What is RFID” font_container=”tag:h1|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][\/vc_section][vc_section][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_custom_heading text=”MAIN OBJECTIVES” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left|color:%230f4996″ use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text] Define RFID technology, what it is and its working principles. Recognize main types of RFID systems based on communication: Passive (no power source but […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12218","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12218"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19429,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12218\/revisions\/19429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}