{"id":9161,"date":"2016-07-29T21:01:15","date_gmt":"2016-07-29T21:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/?p=9161"},"modified":"2025-12-11T10:24:14","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:24:14","slug":"nfc-standards-nfc-forum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/nfc-standards-nfc-forum\/","title":{"rendered":"NFC Standards and NFC Forum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Introduction to NFC Standardization<\/h2>\n<p>There are several organizations that standardize operation, information and communication of <a href=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/nfc-how-it-works\/\">NFC technology<\/a>. Some of them are the same as the ones we know from general <a href=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/what-is-rfid\/\">RFID technology<\/a> like International Standards Organization (ISO) or European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and then there are additional organizations like European Association for Standardizing Information and Communication Systems (ECMA) and NFC Forum.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10546\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/NFC-Standards-and-NFC-Forum.png\" alt=\"RFID NFC\" width=\"608\" height=\"439\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>ECMA Standards for NFC<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The ECMA<\/strong> is a private organization for standardization of information and communication systems and entertainment electronics. There are several standards that they have developed and that they are also reflected in the ISO standards:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ECMA-340: NFCIP-1 Interface and protocol<\/strong> &#8211; standardizes RF field\/signal interface, initialization\/anti-collision, transport protocols, and describes active and passive RF modes, and peer-to-peer mode. It also provides several data rates that can be used with NFC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ECMA-352: NFCIP-2 Interface and protocol<\/strong> &#8211; specifies operating mode selection (ISO 14443, 15693 or NFCIP-1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>ECMA-356: NFCIP-1<\/strong> &#8211; RF interface Test Methods &#8211; basic standard to ensure interoperability on the RF interface for ECMA-340 devices.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ECMA-362: NFCIP-1<\/strong> &#8211; Protocol Test Methods &#8211; basic standard to ensure interoperability of ECMA-340 devices for the initialization, the single device detection and the transmission protocol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>ISO\/IEC Standards for NFC<\/h2>\n<p><strong>ISO\/IEC<\/strong> describes Interface, protocols and test methods for different NFC standards developed by two subcommittees.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SC6 (Subcommittee 6)\n<ul>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 18092 = ECMA-340: NFCIP-1 Interface and protocol<\/li>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 21481 = ECMA-352: NFCIP-2 Interface and protocol<\/li>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 22536 = ECMA-356: NFCIP-1 \u2013RF interface Test Methods<\/li>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 23917 = ECMA-362: NFCIP-1 \u2013Protocol Test Methods<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>SC 17 (Subcommittee 17)\n<ul>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 14443 parts 1-4 RF interface, activation and protocols<\/li>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 10373-6 test methods<\/li>\n<li>ISO\/IEC 15693 \u2013 standard for Vicinity Cards<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>ETSI Standards for NFC<\/h2>\n<p><strong>ETSI <\/strong>also provides European standards for NFC.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>International standards for communication &#8211; Mobile phones<\/li>\n<li>ETSI TS 102 190 = ECMA-340: NFCIP-1 Interface and protocol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>NFC Forum: Setting Global NFC Standards<\/h2>\n<p><strong>NFC Forum<\/strong> is a private organization consisting of many working groups. It is an alliance of industry organizations working together to provide a framework for application development and technology implementation and security of transactions. It is similar to EPCglobal\/GS1 for UHF RFID.<\/p>\n<h2>Goals of the NFC Forum<\/h2>\n<p>The goals of the NFC forum are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Develop standards-based NFC specifications<\/li>\n<li>Encourage the development of products based on NFC Forum specifications<\/li>\n<li>Work to ensure that products claiming NFC capabilities comply with NFC Forum specifications<\/li>\n<li>Educate consumers and enterprises globally about NFC<\/li>\n<li>Establish the NFC Forum and <a href=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/nfc-how-it-works\/\">NFC technology<\/a> brands as well recognized and utilized marks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>NFC Forum Technical Standards<\/h2>\n<p>NFC Forum develops standards in the following areas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protocol Technical Specification<\/li>\n<li>Data Exchange Format Technical Specification<\/li>\n<li>NFC Forum Tag Type Technical Specifications \u2013 5 tag types (as of Jun 2016)<\/li>\n<li>Record Type Definition Technical Specifications<\/li>\n<li>Reference Application Technical Specifications<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>See full list at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nfc-forum.org\/\">https:\/\/www.nfc-forum.org<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>NFC Forum Operating Modes<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9166 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/NFC-Forum-Operating-Modes.png\" alt=\"NFC Operating Modes\" width=\"975\" height=\"573\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>NFC Technical Architecture<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9166 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/NFC-Technical-Architecture-1.png\" alt=\"NFC Operating Modes\" width=\"975\" height=\"573\" \/><\/p>\n<p>NFC Forum has published an integrated SET of Specifications for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Analog 2.0<\/li>\n<li>NFC Activity 2.0<\/li>\n<li>Connection Handover 1.3<\/li>\n<li>NCI 2.0<\/li>\n<li>Digital Protocol 2.0<\/li>\n<li>LLCP 1.3<\/li>\n<li>Type 1\/2\/3\/4\/5 Tags<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9164 \" src=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/NFC-Technical-Architecture.png\" alt=\"NFC Architecture Detail\" width=\"812\" height=\"428\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Connection Handover in NFC<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Enables two NFC devices to establish a connection and perform an action using other wireless technologies. There are three actions described:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Select<\/strong> an alternative carrier, which can be either Static Handover or Negotiated Handover, whcih requires P2P connection.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Connect<\/strong> to the selected carrier as defined by the organization standardizing the carrier (e.g., Bluetooth SIG, Wi-FI Alliance)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Act<\/strong> as needed to complete the action as defined by the protocol specification.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10550\" src=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Connection-Handover.png\" alt=\"RFID NFC \" width=\"607\" height=\"641\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Bluetooth and NFC Integration<\/h2>\n<p>NFC Forum has developed <strong>Bluetooth Secure Simple Pairing with NFC <\/strong>Application Document, what guides developers in building solutions that seamlessly combine Bluetooth and NFC. It was updated to include Bluetooth Smart devices and Bluetooth LE. This has been a product of formal liaison with Bluetooth SIG.<\/p>\n<h2>NFC Tag Types and Other Standardization Bodies<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-10551\" src=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Tag-Types.png\" alt=\"RFID NFC \" width=\"786\" height=\"404\" \/><br \/>\nThere are other standardization bodies that are involved in NFC, which include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ETSI \/ SCP (Smart Card Platform) to specify the interface between the SIM card and the NFC chipset.<\/li>\n<li>GlobalPlatform to specify a multi-application architecture of the secure element and OTA provisioning etc.<\/li>\n<li>EMVCo for the impacts on the EMV payment applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This post concludes our blog series about NFC. <a title=\"Contact Us\" href=\"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/contact-us-rfid\/\">Let us know<\/a> if you have any questions or if we can help you with your NFC implementation![\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] Introduction to NFC Standardization There are several organizations that standardize operation, information and communication of NFC technology. Some of them are the same as the ones we know from general RFID technology like International Standards Organization (ISO) or European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and then there are additional organizations like European Association for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20483,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-nfc"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9161"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21420,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9161\/revisions\/21420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid4u.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}